Resources
Practical Guidance for Business Transactions
Educational outlines covering preparation, diligence, valuation, fundraising and company formation. Each guide is informational only and is dated so you can see when it was last reviewed.
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Guides
Article outlines
How to Prepare a Business for Sale
Records, normalised earnings, dependency risks and disclosure planning before you go to market.
Buyer Due-Diligence Checklist
Commercial, financial, legal, tax, operational and technology areas commonly reviewed.
How Minority and Majority Stake Sales Differ
Control, governance rights, protective provisions and exit expectations.
Preparing a Startup Investor Profile
Structuring problem, traction, unit economics, cap table and use of funds.
Understanding Business Valuation Approaches
Income, market and asset-based approaches and when each is typically considered.
Key Stages in an M&A Transaction
From criteria and screening through diligence, documentation and integration.
Choosing an Indian Business Structure
Proprietorship, partnership, LLP and private limited company compared at a high level.
Protecting Confidential Information During a Sale
Anonymised teasers, staged disclosure, NDAs and data-room discipline.
These resources are general educational information, not legal, tax, accounting, valuation or investment advice. They may not reflect the most recent legal or regulatory position in your jurisdiction. Obtain advice from a qualified professional before acting. Full articles with author, reviewer and last-updated dates are published progressively.
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Guides across the transaction lifecycle
Practical explanations of the questions owners, buyers and investors ask most often before entering a transaction.
How to sell a business
Preparation, confidential marketing, buyer qualification, diligence and closing, in the order they actually happen.
Read the seller guide →How to buy a running business
Defining criteria, screening targets, structuring an offer and funding the purchase.
Read the buyer guide →How to value a company
Earnings multiples, asset value, comparable transactions and the adjustments that change the answer.
Valuation guide →Selling a stake in your company
Minority versus majority sales, shareholder rights and the terms that matter more than price.
Stake sale guide →Due diligence explained
What buyers examine, the documents to prepare and the red flags that reduce price.
Diligence guide →Setting up in the UAE
Mainland versus free zone, ownership, banking, visas and ongoing compliance.
UAE guide →Glossary
Deal terms explained in plain language
The vocabulary used in transaction documents, without the jargon.
- EBITDA: earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation, used as a proxy for operating cash generation.
- Enterprise value: the value of the business itself, before deducting net debt to reach equity value.
- Letter of intent: an indicative, largely non-binding outline of price, structure and exclusivity.
- Due diligence: the buyer investigation of financial, legal, tax, commercial and operational facts.
- Representations and warranties: contractual statements of fact, with remedies if they prove untrue.
- Indemnity: an agreed obligation to compensate for specified identified risks.
- Escrow: part of the price held by a third party until agreed conditions are satisfied.
- Earn-out: deferred consideration payable only if agreed post-closing targets are met.
- Slump sale: transfer of a business undertaking as a going concern for a lump-sum price.
- Drag-along and tag-along: rights that force or allow minority shareholders to join a sale.